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+Variables
+"They're something in a program that stores values, this can be a number, a\
+character, a pointer a float or arrays of those things."
+
+Variable Type
+"the type of a variable is what sort of thing the variable is, what kind of\
+value it stores, what operators work on it and the size of it"
+
+Examples
+int integer = 34;
+char character = 'a';
+char * string = "1234";
+float floating-point = 12.0;
+double doubleFloatingPoint = 111112.0;
+int * pointer = &integer;
+int array[4] = {0,2,3,4};
+
+Special types of integers
+
+unsigned int unsignedInteger = 4;
+short shortInteger = 5;
+long longInteger = 1212121212122121212;
+uint8_t unsigned8bitInteger = 255;
+uint32_t unsigned32bitInteger = 323232323233223232323;
+
+printf("Hello World! %d %c %s\n\a",122,'A',"A String");
+
+"printf is a function a part of stdio(Standard I/O) that allows a program to\
+print to serial out(the terminal) it takes a format string and values after that"
+
+Format String
+"The format string is what you want printf to print out with, with stuff like\
+%d that are placeholders that let you also print out the value of variables you\
+supply to printf as arguments"
+
+so in printf("hello world!\n"); "hello world!\n" is the format string
+
+'\n' and '\a' are special characters, '\n' stands for new line and is like
+pressing enter. '\a' is the alarm bell and makes a beeping sound
+
+%d is a placeholder for an integer, printed out in decimal(base 10)
+%c is a placeholder for a character
+%s is a placeholder for a string
+
+for more information look at 'man printf'
+
+What is a function?
+"A math function is a when a domain is paired to a co-domain, in programming,\
+piece of code that you can run multiple times and does an action"
+
+Function return
+"the value a function outputs"
+
+Function argument
+"the input to a function"
+
+//How do you run a function
+foobar(foo, bar);
+also known as a function call;
+a function is also an expression
+printf("hello world"); is a function call, you're running printf with the
+argument "hello world."
+"where foobar(int, int) is a function and foo and bar are arguments
+that whole piece of code would then evaluate to the output of foobar"
+eg.
+"if foobar(foo, bar) outputs jia
+then foobar(foo, bar); == jia"
+
+Function Definition
+"defining a function is when you write down what a function takes as arguments,
+what the function returns and what code the function runs"
+
+unsigned int foobar(int foo, int bar) {
+	int lar = 0;
+	lar = (foo - bar) * 82 + bar;
+	return lar;
+}
+
+"the above is a function that returns a variable of type 'unsigned int' and
+takes two arguments foo and bar that are of type 'int'. it runs the code inside
+of the squiggly brackets {}."
+
+Code blocks
+
+"any code inside of an {} are a code block, you can put code blocks inside of
+code blocks, that's called nesting code blocks. When you make a new code block
+you should indent the code inside of the block"
+printf("foobar\n");
+i++;
+if( i == 0) {
+	printf("barfoo\n");
+	j++;
+}
+"you indent, by putting a tab in front of every line, a tab is a big space"
+"When you have a nested code block, you indent another level, or have an extra
+tab in front of every line"
+foobar 
+while (barfoo){
+	foobar
+	if (baz) {
+		qux
+		bazqux
+	}
+	foobarbaz
+}
+
+Foo Bar Baz Qux
+"Foo Bar Baz Qux are placeholder names , they don't mean anything and you can
+put your own stuff in place of them."
+https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3092.txt for more information
+
+Variable Declarations and Assignments
+//When you declaring a variable, you tell the compiler that there is a variable
+//named foo of type bar that now exists. You can only use a variable after
+//declaring/defining it.
+int foo;
+//however, right now foo is "uninitialized", meaning there is no value being
+//stored in foo, which means you can't use it. Initializing a function is just
+//giving it a value.
+foo = 0;
+//a function that is defined and initialized
+bar = 12;
+//assigning a value to a variable just changes the value stored by a variable.
+foo = 10;
+foo = bar;
+foo = foobar(12);
+
+foobar(34);
+
+Statements and Expressions
+"Expressions evaluate to a value, where as statements do a thing. In c all \
+statements are also expressions but you can ignore that"
+a + b //is a statement
+foobar(34); is a statement because function calls are statements
+if (a + b) {} is an if statement
+i++; increments i or adds 1 to it.
+
+PRACTICE/REVIEW:
+"identify the parts of the below code"
+
+int main(int argc, char * argv[] ) {
+	if(argc > 1) {
+		printf("you gave me %d arguments\n",argc);
+	} else {
+		printf("you didn't give me any arguments\n");
+	}
+	return argc - 1;
+}
+
+
+
+
+