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authorknolax <1339802534.kk@gmail.com>2018-02-24 00:00:44 -0500
committerknolax <1339802534.kk@gmail.com>2018-02-24 00:00:44 -0500
commit4d849c2c51443cd33d5e521e4c6233c71b0ba449 (patch)
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parent8011b6f2d551529eff429440812eb8f256786283 (diff)
added handouts for trial session, it's just sections 1 and 2 for now.
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+- - - - - - ---=[Urbana Electronics & Programming Summer Program]=--- - - - - -
+[Trial Session 2/23/2018]
+TOPIC 1 - Linux System Maintenance
+
+[Section 1, SSH]----------------------------------------------------------------
+ Welcome to UEPSP, today you will learn how to use a remote shell.
+First off, what is a shell? On UNIX systems, the shell is the program you use to
+interact with the computer. It's the outermost layer of the Operating System,
+hence the name shell. On windows, the shell is called the command prompt.
+
+ Specifically, you will be learning to use Bash(the shell) on Linux(the
+operating system)
+
+ You might not be running a unix system, and you might not have the
+proper tools set up on your computer if you do. That's why I've set things up so
+that you can use the shell on my computer, through your computer. This is called
+a remote shell, remote meaning far away, or not the computer you're currently
+using.
+
+ There are many protocols for remote shells, such as telnet or ssh. We
+will be using ssh today. To start off, download an ssh client. The client is the
+program you run on my computer, that talks with the program running on my
+computer, the server.
+
+ ---If you are running Windows, go to:
+ https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html
+
+ click on "putty.exe", under "Alternative Binary Files". Ask your
+ me whether to use the 32 bit or 64 bit version.
+
+ After the executable(program) has been downloaded, click on it.
+ If it asks "Do you want to run this program", click run.
+
+ in the text box titled "Host Name(or IP address)" type the ip
+ address on the login slip I gave you.
+
+ in the box next to it titled "Port", type the port on the login
+ slip.
+
+ Finally click "Open" and you should see a black window appear.
+
+ If says "The authenticity of host ......", click yes
+
+ The window should say "login as:", type in your username and
+ press enter.
+
+ Do you see Ducky?
+
+ ---If you are running Mac or Linux
+ Congratulations, you should already have ssh installed!
+ simply find the "terminal" program, and run that.
+
+ A black box should come up, this is the terminal, and it is
+ running the shell for your computer. However you want to run the
+ shell on my computer.
+
+ it should look something like this:
+ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
+ |[ducky@pond ~]$ |
+ | |
+ | |
+ | |
+ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+ now to run ssh, you have to run a command, type in the command:
+ "ssh -p [port] [username]@[ip]", replace [port] [username] and
+ [ip] with what's on the login slip I handed you.
+
+ For example, if the port is 1235, your username is ducky and
+ the ip address is 123.456.7.89, you should type:
+
+ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
+ |[ducky@pond ~]$ssh -p 5535 ducky@123.456.7.89 |
+ | |
+ | |
+ | |
+ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+ press enter, it should ask "The authenticity of host ....", type
+ "yes" and press enter
+
+ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
+ |[ducky@pond ~]$ssh -p 5535 ducky@123.456.7.89 |
+ |The authenticity of host '123.456.7.89' can't be established |
+ |ECDSA key fingerprint is |
+ |SHA256:yUDWcwEryMjEyrK9ajHogibqgLuSd3Y/orHF1BEbJeE. |
+ |Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?yes |
+ | |
+ | |
+ +--------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+ do you see ducky?
+
+ So what did we just do? Well to start off, you downloaded an ssh client,
+this connects to an ssh server on my computer. When you type things into the ssh
+client, it gets sent to the shell on my computer, and the output gets sent back
+to you.
+
+ In order to connect to my computer, you need to know where it is. That's
+where the IP address comes in. An IP address is the location of a computer on a
+network, just like your house has an address that tells you where it is in town.
+In this case, we're all on the same local network, my wifi. The IP address on
+the slip is therefore a local ip.
+
+ A computer has to handle a whole lot of connections at once, so to know
+what kind of thing it's connecting to, they use ports. For example, if you
+wanted to connect to a minecraft server, it would be on port 25565. The standard
+port for ssh is 22, but I changed it for security purposes.
+
+ Ok now that you're connected to my ssh server, you should see ducky,
+type your password and press enter. please remember that you won't see your
+password when you type it. You should see something like the below:
+
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+|WELCOME TO URBANA UEPSP! |
+|/----------------------\ |
+|| __ ducky | |
+|| <(o )___ says | |
+|| ( ._> / hello | |
+|| `---' | |
+|\----------------------/ |
+|ducky@123.456.7.89's password: |
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+finally you should now see something like this
+
+
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+|WELCOME TO URBANA UEPSP! |
+|/----------------------\ |
+|| __ ducky | |
+|| <(o )___ says | |
+|| ( ._> / hello | |
+|| `---' | |
+|\----------------------/ |
+|ducky@123.456.7.89's password: |
+|Last login: Fri Feb 23 22:19:43 2018 from 987.654.3.21 |
+|[ducky@otherpond ~]$ |
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+Congratulations! you've opened a remote shell! You can now type commands that
+will be run on my computer.
+
+[Section 2, Bash]---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ Ok, so now you have a shell, but what is a shell? The shell is a program
+that takes commands you type in, and runs them. There are many different kinds
+of shells and the one you are running is called bash.
+
+ To start off, let's type your first command, "help" and press enter.
+
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+|WELCOME TO URBANA UEPSP! |
+|/----------------------\ |
+|| __ ducky | |
+|| <(o )___ says | |
+|| ( ._> / hello | |
+|| `---' | |
+|\----------------------/ |
+|ducky@123.456.7.89's password: |
+|Last login: Fri Feb 23 22:19:43 2018 from 987.654.3.21 |
+|[ducky@otherpond ~]$help |
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+You should see something like the below afterwards:
+
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+|WELCOME TO URBANA UEPSP! |
+|/----------------------\ |
+|| __ ducky | |
+|| <(o )___ says | |
+|| ( ._> / hello | |
+|| `---' | |
+|\----------------------/ |
+|ducky@123.456.7.89's password: |
+|Last login: Fri Feb 23 22:19:43 2018 from 987.654.3.21 |
+|[ducky@otherpond ~]$help |
+|GNU bash, version 4.4.12(1)-release (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu) |
+|These shell commands are defined internally. Type `help' to see this list. |
+|Type `help name' to find out more about the function `name'. |
+|Use `info bash' to find out more about the shell in general. |
+|Use `man -k' or `info' to find out more about commands not in this list. |
+| |
+| ... |
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+ Wow, that's a lot of text! to get rid of it, type "clear". You should
+see something like the below:
+
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+|[ducky@otherpond ~]$ |
+| |
++------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+ Now let's introduce the concept of working directories. When using a shell,
+you're always in a certain directory(folder), that directory is called the
+current working directory. The name of the directory is right after your
+username, in this case it's "~". That's actually an abbreviation which means
+your home directory. Your home directory where all your personal files go.
+
+ To find out what's in a directory, simply type the command "ls". Nothing
+comes up because your directory is empty.
+
+ Directories have full names called "paths" that tell you it's exact
+location. To find the path of your current working directory, type "pwd"
+
+ You should see something like "/home/ducky"
+
+ Now you know where home is!
+
+ So what is this path? well first off, it starts off with the root
+directory, which is written as "/". This is the directory everything is in.
+Inside of that is the "home" directory, where all the homes are. Finally inside
+of that is your home directory, "ducky".
+
+ When a directory is inside of another directory, it is considered
+"below" it. If a directory includes another directory, it is considered "above"
+it.
+
+ Ok but how do you move around? well that's simple, you type the command
+"cd"(short for change directory) and the name or path of a directory. for
+example if you want to move to the directory above your home, "/home", type:
+
+ cd ..
+
+ or
+
+ cd /home
+
+ cd takes in other information called arguments, which it uses to carry
+out it's task. In this case, this could either be the full path of "home", which
+is "/home". In another case, we type it's name "..".
+
+ When you type the name of a directory, it's assumed that that directory
+is a "local directory", or directory under your current directory. But hold on,
+you said "home" was above my local directory! Well, that's why you don't type
+"home". ".." is the name of the directory above the current directory, which in
+this case is /home""
+
+ Now type "ls" again, you shoul see a lot of directories now. You can see
+your home directory, and everyone else's too!
+
+ ok now try going to somebody else's home, type:
+
+ cd knolax
+
+ It'll come up with an error, something like:
+
+ -bash: cd: knolax: Permission denied
+
+ That's because you don't have permission. See that's somebody else's
+directory, and it's owned by knolax. You can only access files that you own, or
+that others own but give you permission to use. We'll go into permissions later
+on.
+
+ Ok, let's go home, type:
+
+ cd ~
+
+ Remember, ~ is an abbreviation for home. so when you type cd ~, you're
+changing direcory to home.
+
+ How do I make directories? well, that's the final command you'll learn
+today, "mkdir".
+
+ type the command:
+
+ mkdir code
+
+ Now you've made a directory named code insie of your home directory.
+
+ type "ls" and you should see "code"
+[END OF SECTION 2]--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Section 3 well be given to you by teacher instruction.